Results of Removal of Amalgam Fillings (B. Windham,
Editor), 2018, DAMS Intl. 651-644-4572
1. For the week following amalgam removal, body mercury levels
increase significantly, depending on protective measures taken, but within 2
weeks levels fall significantly. (82,89) Chronic conditions
can worsen temporarily, but usually improve if adequate precautions are
taken to reduce exposure during removal. Detoxification by chelation or
supplementation protect the individual and reduce harmful effects (18,19).
2. Removal of amalgam fillings resulted in a significant reduction
in body burden and body waste product load of mercury
(75,82,88,89,93,95,115,303). Total reduction in mercury
levels in blood and urine is often over 80% within a few months (79,82,89,93,115,57). On
average those with 29 amalgam surfaces excreted over 3 times more mercury in
urine after DMPS challenge than those with 3 amalgam surfaces, and those
with 45 amalgam surfaces more than 6 times as much mercury(12b).� Those
found to be most reactive to metals by immune reactivity test(80) usually
reported no more of the common mercury-caused symptoms than those who had
lesser levels of metals reactivity but some had more serious effects (95), and
those with lesser reactivity were at least as likely to report
significant relief of symptoms
as those with the most reactivity. And
the
majority of those interviewed
reported that most of the symptoms were
gone or significantly improved after metals replacement
(95,14,20,21,22, etc.) Proper safe removal
techniques with immune support and sometimes detoxification (18,19) is needed
for best results- this often does not occur as many practitioners have not had
special training in such (95,20,21).
3. A study
was designed to investigate whether removal of
all amalgam fillings was associated with long-term changes in health complaints
in a group of patients who attributed subjective health complaints to amalgam
fillings (10). Patients previously examined at the Norwegian Dental
Biomaterials Adverse Reaction Unit were included in the study and assigned to a
treatment group (
n
= 20) and a reference group (
n
=
20). Participants in the treatment group had all amalgam fillings replaced with
other restorative materials. Follow-ups took place 3 months, 1 and 3 years
after removal of all amalgam fillings. There was no intervention in the reference
group. In the treatment group, intra-oral and general health complaints were
significantly reduced 3 years after completed replacement of amalgam fillings
.
Reductions
in subjective health complaints after replacement of amalgam fillings have also
been found in previous studies (11). The reference group received no
intervention, and no improvement in health complaints was found. The finding of
reduced levels of mercury in serum and urine in this study after amalgam
replacement is in agreement with data from several studies showing that
replacement of amalgam fillings leads to reduced levels of mercury in blood,
plasma and urine (
15)
. Previous studies have established that people
with amalgam fillings have higher concentrations of mercury in blood, plasma,
urine and body organs than people without amalgam fillings (16)
As seen previously in discussion of study(95), those with a
lesser number of amalgam fillings were as likely to report
significant relief of symptoms
as those with the highest number of
amalgam fillings
. Susceptibility
and detoxification capability are known to
be important factors in how much one is affected by mercury exposure.
A larger review study of health effects after amalgam removal (17)
found similar results as this study, but also focused on the types of chronic
conditions from which people recover after amalgam replacement.
4. For the following case studies of amalgam
replacement, some clinics primarily replaced amalgam fillings using patient
protective measures and supportive supplements,
whereas some clinics do something comparable to Hal Huggins
total dental revision where in addition to amalgam replacement, patients gold
or nickel crowns over amalgam are replaced by biocompatible alternatives, root
canals extracted and cavitations checked for and
cleaned. There are extensive
documented cases
(many thousands) where removal of
amalgam fillings with proper detoxification(18,19) led to cure or
significant improvement of serious health problems such as:
periodontal diseases
(tissue inflammation, metal mouth, mouth sores, bone loss,
burning mouth, etc.)
(8,14,21,25,35,40,45,46,57,60,62,75,78,82,94,95,100,115,133,192bcf,212abc,222,233abcdefgh,271,303,313,317,321,322,341,376,525,532,538,551,552,583),����������������������������������������
oral lichen planus/
leukaplakia
(14,21,56,86,87,90,101,168,
313a) (oral
keratosis
(pre cancer)(87,251), immune system/
autoimmune
problems
(8,14,21,31,35,45,60,62,95,222,270,271,303,313,323,322,342,369,91,212,229,291,
452,470,485, 523,532, 552,581,582), epilepsy (5,35,309,229,386e,557), multiple
chemical
sensitivities
(14,26,35,60,62,95,222,229,232,233,115,303,313,321,342,440,537,583),
allergies
(8,14,26,35,40,46,62,94,95,97,165,
212,222,228,229,233,271,303,317,322,349,376,440,469,
525c,532,557,581,582,583),
asthma
(8,14,75,97,222,228,271,322,552,556,557), chronic
headaches/migraines (5,8,14,21,25,34,3547f,57,62,95, 185,212abc,222,229,
233abdefgh,271,317,322,349,354,115,376,440,453,
523,525,532,537,538,552,556,582,583), concentration/ADD
(14,25,95,233bc,etc.) tachycardia and
heart problems
(8,14,25,35,59,94,115,205,212,222 , 232,233bcdg,
271,306,310,322,525c, 554,556,557),
blood conditions
(8,212,222,232,233,271,322,523,551,35,95), Crohn�s disease
(14,60,222,229,469,485,594), stomach (
gastrointestinal
) problems
(8,14,21,35,57,62,95,212abc,222,228,229,233bcdg,271,303,317,322,440,469,525c,
532,552), SLE/
lupus
(12,31,35,45,60,113,222,233,323,537), dizzyness/vertigo
(8,14,40,95,212abc,222,229,233bcdgh,271,322,321,376,453, 525c,551,552), joint
pain/arthritis (8,14,21,35,45,62,95,103,212abc,222,229, 233abcg,271,303,313,
322,358,386de,469,523,525c,538,551,552, 556,557,582,583),neuropathy/paresthesia(8,14,35,62,94,163,212,222,303,322,404,556,557),
MS
(14,25,28,62,94,95,102,
163,170,212,222,229,237,271,291,302,303,322,369,469,485,34,35,229,523,532),
ALS
(30,28,97,246,423,405,469,470,485,535,35),
Alzheimer�s
(62,204,251c,303,386e,535,35),
Parkinson
�s/
muscle tremor (14,222,248,228a,229,233f, 271,322,
469,535,557,212,62,94,98,35), Chronic
Fatigue
Syndrome (CFS)
(8,14,27,35,47f, 57,60, 62,88,95,185,212abc,293,229,222,232,236,
237,233abcdfgh, 271,303,313,317, 321,322,323,342,346,369,375,376,386de,440,469,470,523,
532,537,538,551,552, 556,557,558,582),
memory disorders
(8,14,20,25,27,35,57,94,95,212,222,303,322,440,453,552,557),
Sjogren�s Syndrome(45), muscular/jointpain/
Fibromyalgia
(5,8,14,25,35,60,62,95,185,222,233bcfg,236,237,293,303,317,321,322,346,369,440,469,470,523,527,532,538,552,556,582,94),
infertility(9,35,38,229,303,367), endometriosis(229,35,38,9),
autism
&
Asperger�s
Syndrome (558,601,602,603), atopic
dermatitis(32), (
schizophrenia
(294,34,35,60),
poor
concentration/irritability (14,95, etc.)
depression
(14,25,27,57,62,94,95,107,163,185,212,222,229,233bcfh,237,
271,294,285e,303,317, 321,322,376,386de,
404,453,465,485,523,525c,532,538,551,552,556,557,583,35, 40), insomnia
(14,35,62,94,95,212,222,233ag,271,303,317,321,322,376,440,525c, 582,583),
nausea(525c),
anger
(212,233,102,321,557,35,62), anxiety & mental confusion
(14,25,62,94,95,212,222,229,233abcfgh,271,303,317, 321,322,440,453,525c,
532,551,557,583,35,57),
susceptibility to infections
(35,40,62,222,233cd,251,303,317,322,349,350, 469,470,532),
antibiotic resistant infection(251,303), cancer (breast, etc./leukemia)
(35,38,94,180, 228a,303,469,486,530), alopecia/hair loss
(40,187,271,317,322,349,583), sinus problems
(14,35,40,47f,94,95,222,271,322,532,583), ringing ears/tinnitus
(8,14,35,57,62,94,222,233bcdg,271,303,322,349,376,525c), chronic
eye conditions
: i
nflamation
/ iritis/ astigmatism/myopia
/cataracts/macula degeneration/retinitis pigmentosa, color
vision loss, etc.
(14,35,95,222,233abcg,271,303,322,440,529), vision disturbances
(8,14,35,62,212,233abcg,271,303,322,525c),
eczema and psoriasis
(31,62,168b,212b,233c,322,323,385, 375, 408, 459,525c,557),
hypothyroid &
autoimmune thyroiditis
(303,369,382,91), skin
conditions (8,14,28,32,62,95,212,222,233bc,322,525c,583), urinary/prostrate
problems (212,222), hearing loss(102,322,35), Candida(26,35,303,404,537, etc.),
PMS(35,6,322, etc.),
diabetes
(35,369,598,
etc.), HIV/AIDs, (485b,35), etc.
The above over 60,000 cases of cure or significant improvements
were not isolated cases of cures; the clinical studies indicated a large
majority of most such type cases treated showed significant improvement.
Chronic health effects are the result of additive and synergistic effects of
all toxic substances one is exposed to along with synergistic effects with
other pathogens, and
synergistic effects
of toxic metals and other toxics are often
much more significant than individual effects Details are available and case
histories. For example, one of the clinics (95) replacing
amalgams in a large number of patients with chronic conditions had full
recovery or significant improvement:
in over 90% of cases for: metallic taste, tender teeth, bad
breath, and mouth sores;
in over 80% of cases for: depression, irrational fear,
headaches/migraines, irritability, dizziness, insomnia, bleeding gums, throat irritation,
nasal congestion or discharge, muscle tremor, and leg cramps;
in over 70% of cases for: bloating or intestinal cramps, skin
reactions, sciatic pain, chest pain, poor memory, urinary disorders, fatigue,
poor concentration/ADD, watery eyes;
in over 60% of cases for: allergies, constipation, muscle
fatigue, cold hands/feet, heart problems.
A Jerome meter was used to measure mercury
vapor level in the mouth, and the average was 54.6 micrograms mercury per cubic
meter of air, far above the Government health guideline for mercury (217).
Some of the above cases used chemical or
natural chelation to reduce accumulated mercury body burden in
addition to amalgam replacement. Some clinics using DMPS
for chelation reported over 80% with chronic health problems were
cured or significantly improved (222,271,359).
Other clinics reported similar success. But the recovery rate of
those using dentists with special equipment and training in protecting the
patient reported much higher success rates than those with standard training
and equipment, 97% versus 37 to 88%(435). The
Huggins TDR protocol includes testing teeth with metal for level of
galvanic current caused by the mixed metals, and removal of the teeth with
highest negative galvanic current first (35,228a). This has
been found to improve recovery rate for chronic conditions like epilepsy and
autoimmune conditions. Metals are being pushed into the
body from negatively charged metal dental work with saliva as
electrolyte and the highest charged teeth lose the most metal to the body (35).
Clinical studies have found
that patch testing is not a good predictor of success of amalgam removal,
as a high percentage of those testing negative also recovered from chronic
conditions after replacement of fillings (86,87,168, etc.).
The Huggins Clinic
using TDR has successfully treated over a thousand patients with
chronic autoimmune conditions like MS, Lupus, ALS, AD, diabetes, etc.
(35), including himself with the population of over 600(approx. 85%) who
experienced significant improvement in MS. In a large German study of MS
patients after amalgam revision, extraction resulted in 85% recovery rate
versus only 16% for filling replacement alone (222,302). Other cases have found
that recovery from serious autoimmune diseases, dementia, or
cancer may require more aggressive mercury removal techniques
than simple filling replacement due to body burden. This appears to be due to
migration of mercury into roots & gums that is not eliminated by simple
filling replacement. That such mercury (and similarly bacteria)
in the teeth and gums have direct routes to the brain and CNS has
been documented by several medical studies (34,325, etc.).
Among those with chronic immune
system problems with related immune antibodies, the types showing the highest
level of antibody reductions after amalgam removal
include glomerular basal membrane, thyroglobulin,
and microsomal thyroid antigens(91). TDR and
other measures used in metals detox have been found to increase T-cells
and immune function in AIDS patients (35).
Swedish researchers have developed a
sophisticated test for immune/autoimmune reactions that has proved successful
in diagnosing and treating environmentally caused diseases such as
lichen planus, CFS,MS, etc. related to mercury and
other immunotoxics(60,313,etc.).
Interviews of a large
population of Swedish patients that had amalgams removed due to health problems
found that virtually all reported significant health improvements and that the
health improvements were permanent(233). (study period 17 years) A
compilation of an even larger population found
similar results(212,282). For example 89% of those reporting
allergies had significant improvements or total elimination; extrapolated
to U.S.population this would represent over 17 million people who
would benefit regarding allergies alone.
VII. Tests for Mercury Level or Toxicity and Treatment
1. Feces is the major path of excretion of mercury from
the body, having a higher correlation to systemic body burden than urine or
blood, which tend to correlate with recent exposure level
(6b,21abd,35,36,79,80,183,278). For this reason, many researchers consider
feces to be the most reliable indicator of daily exposure level to mercury or
other toxics. The average level of mercury in feces of populations with amalgam
fillings is as much as 1 ppm and approx. 10 times that of a similar
group without fillings (79,80,83,335,386,528,25), with significant numbers of
those with several filings having over 10 ppm and 170 times those
without fillings (80). For those with several fillings daily fecal
mercury excretion levels range between 20 to
200 ug/day. The saliva test is another good test for
daily mercury exposure, done commonly in Europe and representing one
of the largest sources of mercury exposure. There is only a weak
correlation between blood or urine mercury levels and body burden or level in a
target organ (36,157,183,258,278,11,21abd,6b). Mercury vapor passes
through the blood rapidly (half-life in blood is 10 seconds(370))
and accumulates in other parts of the body such as the brain,
kidneys, liver, thyroid gland, pituitary gland, etc. Thus, blood test measures
mostly recent exposure. Kidneys have a lot of hydroxyl(SH)
groups which mercury binds to causing accumulation in the kidneys, and
inhibiting excretion(503). As damage occurs to kidneys over time,
mercury is less efficiently eliminated (11,36,57,183,216,258,260,503), so
urine tests are not reliable for body burden after long term exposure. Some researchers
suggest hair offers a better indicator of mercury body burden than blood
or urine(279,21ab), though still not totally reliable and may be a better
indicator for organic mercury than inorganic. In the early stages of mercury
exposure before major systemic damage other than slight fatigue results you
usually see high hemoglobin, hemocrit, alkaline phosphatase, and
lactic dehydroganese; in later states you usually see marginal
hemoglobin, hemocrit, plus low oxyhemoglobin(35). Hair was
found to be significantly correlated with fish consumption, as well as with
occupational dental exposure and to be a good medium for monitoring internal
mercury exposure, except that external occupational exposure can also affect
hair levels. Mercury hair level in a population sampled
in Madrid Spain ranged from 1.3 to 92.5 ppm. This study
found a significant positive correlation between maternal hair mercury and
mercury level in nursing infants. Hair mercury levels did not have a
significant correlation with urine mercury in one study (340) and did not
have a significant correlation to number of fillings (350). One
researcher suggests that mercury levels in hair of greater than
5 ppm are indicative of mercury intoxication.
A new test approved by the FDA for diagnosing
damage that has been caused by toxic metals like mercury is the
fractionated porphyrin test
(260,35), that measures amount of damage as well
as likely source. Mercury blocks enzymes needed to convert some types
of porphyrins to hemoglobin and adenosine tri
phosphate (ATP). The pattern of which porphyrins are high
gives an indication of likely toxic exposure, with high precoproporphyrin almost
always high with mercury toxicity, and often coproporphyrin. Another
new test combination that is very useful is the Quicksilver Scientific
Mercury Tri Test
. For testing, see test facilities (80).
Provocation challenge tests after
use of chemical chelators such as DMPS or DMSA also are effective at
measuring body burden (57,58), but high levels of DMPS can be dangerous to some
people- especially those still having amalgam fillings or those allergic to
sulfur drugs or sulfites. Many studies using chemical chelators such
as DMPS or DMSA have found post chelation levels to be poorly
correlated with pre-chelation blood or urine levels
(57,115,303), but one study (340) found a significant correlation between pre
and post chelation values when using DMPS. Challenge tests
using DMPS or DMSA appear to have a better correlation with body burden and
toxicity symptoms such as concentration, memory, and motor deficits
(290)- with many studies finding a significant correlation between
post chelation mercury level and the number of amalgam surfaces
(57,172,173,222,290,292,273,303). On average those with 29 amalgam
surfaces excreted over 3 times more mercury in urine after DMPS challenge than
those with 3 amalgam surfaces, and those with 45 amalgam surfaces more
than 6 times as much mercury(12b). Several doctors use
16 ug/L as the upper bound for mercury after DMPS challenge,
and consider anyone with higher levels to have excess body burden
(222,352). However, one study (290) found significant effects at lower
levels. Some researchers believe DMSA has less adverse side effects
than DMPS and prefer to use DMSA for chelation for this reason. Some
studies have also found DMSA as more effective at removing mercury from
the brain (58). A common protocol for DMSA(developed
to avoid redistribution effects) is 50 mg orally every 4 hours for 3 days and
then off 11 days.
Another chelator used for clogged arteries,
EDTA, forms toxic compounds with mercury and can damage brain function
(307). Use of EDTA may need to be restricted in those with high Hg
levels. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been found to be effective at
increasing cellular glutathione levels and chelating mercury (54). Experienced
doctors have also found additional zinc to be useful when
chelating mercury (222) as well as counteracting mercury�s oxidative
damage (43). Zinc induces metallothionein which protects against
oxidative damage and increases protective enzyme activities and glutathione
which tend to inhibit lipid peroxidation and suppress
mercury toxicity (430,464). Also, lipoic acid,
LA, has been found to dramatically increase excretion of inorganic mercury
(over 12-fold), but to cause decreased excretion of organic mercury(572d) and
copper. Lipoic acid has a protective effect regarding lead or
inorganic mercury toxicity through its antioxidant properties (572),
but should not be used with high copper. Lipoicacid and
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) also increase glutathione levels and protect against superoxide
radical/peroxynitrite damage, so thus have an additional neuroprotective
effect (494a,521,524,572c,54,56). Zinc is a mercury and copper
antagonist and can be used to lower copper levels and protect against mercury
damage. Lipoic acid has been found to have protective effects
against cerebral
ischemic-reperfusion, excitotoxic amino acid(glutamate) brain
injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, diabetic neuropathy (572). Other
antioxidants such as carnosine(495a), Coenzyme Q10, Vitamins C & E,
gingko biloba, pycnogenol and selenium have also been found
protective against degenerative neurological conditions (494,495e,
444,237).
2. Tests suggested by Huggins/Levy (35) for evaluation
and treatment of mercury toxicity:
(a) hair element test (386) low hair
mercury level does not indicate low body level)(more than 3 essential
minerals out of normal range indicates likely metals toxicity)
(b) CBC blood test with differential and platelet count
� blood serum profile
(d)
urinary mercury
(for person with average exposure with
amalgam fillings, average mercury level is 3 to 4 ppm;
lower test level than this
likely means person is poor excreter and accumulating mercury, often
mercury toxic(35)
(e
) fractionated porphyrin
(note test results sensitive to light,
temperature, shaking)
(f) individual tooth electric currents with micro amp
meter (replace high negative current teeth first)
(g) patient questionnaire on exposure and symptom
history
(h) specific gravity of urine (test for pituitary
function, s.g>1.022 normal; s.g.< 1.008 consistent with
depression and suicidal tendencies (35)}
3. Note: during initial exposure to mercury the
body marshals immune system and other measures to try to deal
with the challenge, so many test indicators will be high; after prolonged
exposure the body and immune system inevitably lose the battle and
measures to combat the challenge decrease- so some test indicator scores
decline. Chronic conditions are common during this
phase. Also high mercury exposures with low hair mercury
or urine mercury level usually indicates body is retaining
mercury and likely toxicity problem(35). In such cases
where (calcium> 1100 or < 300 ppm) and low, test mercury,
manganese, zinc, potassium; mercury toxicity likely and hard to treat
since retaining mercury.
Test results indicating
mercury/metals toxicity (35):
(a) white blood cell count
>7500 or < 4500; (b) hemocrit >
50% or < 40%
� lymphocyte count > 2800 or < 1800;
(d) blood protein level > 7.5 gm/100 ml
(e) triglycerides > 150 mg %ml; (f) BUN > 18 or
< 12
(g) hair mercury >
1.5 ppm or < .4 ppm;
(h) oxyhemoglobin level < 55% saturated
(I) carboxyhemoglubin > 2.5% saturated; (j) T
lymphocyte count < 2000; (k) DNA damage/cancer
(l) TSH > 1 ug; (m) hair aluminum >
10 ppm; (n) hair nickel > 1.5 ppm
(o) hair manganese > 0.3 ppm;
(p) immune reactive to mercury, nickel, aluminum,
etc.
(q) high hemoglobin and hemocrit and high
alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) and lactic dehydrogenese(LDA)
during initial phases of exposure; with low/marginal
hemoglobin and hemocrit plus low oxyhemoglobin during
long term chronic fatigue phase.
4. Huggins Total Dental Revision Protoco l(35)
or IAOMT
Safe Replacement Protocol
(a) history questionnaire and panel of tests.
(b) replace amalgam fillings starting with filling with
highest negative current or highest negative quadrant, with supportive
vitamin/mineral supplements.
� extract all root canaled teeth using proper
finish protocol.
(d) test and treat cavitations and amalgam
tattoos where relevant
(e) supportive supplementation, periodic monitoring
tests, evaluate need for further treatment (not usually needed).
(f) avoid acute exposures/challenge to the immune
system on a weekly 7/14/21 day pattern.
note: after treatment of many cases of chronic
autoimmune conditions such as MS, ALS, Parkinson�s, Alzheimer�s, CFS,
Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, etc., it has been observed that often mercury
along with root canal toxicity or cavitation toxicity are major
factors in these conditions, and most with these conditions improve
after TDR if protocol is followed carefully (35,27). Also, it is
documented that the process is inflammatory involving free radical/reactive
oxygen species effects, and antioxidants have been found to have
benefits in treatment (514). Other measures in addition
to TDR that have been found to help in treatment of MS in clinical
experience are avoidance of milk products, get lots of sunlight,
supplementation of calcium AEP (448) and alpha lipoic acid
(572). Progesterone creme has been found to promote regrowth of
myelin sheaths in animals(448c).
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