Environ Res.
 2011 Nov;111(8):1249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.08.011. Epub 2011 Sep 9.

Association of low-level blood lead and blood pressure in NHANES 1999-2006.

Scinicariello F1, Abadin HG, Murray HE.

 

 Blood lead levels (BLL) were significantly correlated with higher systolic BP among black men and women, but not white or Mexican-American participants. BLLs were significantly associated with higher diastolic BPs among white men and women and black men, whereas, a negative association was observed in Mexican-American men that had, also, a wider pulse pressure. Black men in the 90th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL≥3.50 μg/dL) compared to black men in the 10th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL≤0.7 μg/dL) had a significant increase of risk of having hypertension (adjusted POR=2.69; 95% CI: 1.08-6.72). In addition, blood cadmium was significantly associated with hypertension and systolic and diastolic blood


Neurotoxicology.
 2018 Aug 8. pii: S0161-813X(18)30167-0. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.08.001. [Epub ahead of print]

Intermittent low-level lead exposure provokes anxiety, hypertension, autonomic dysfunction and neuroinflammation.

Shvachiy L1Geraldes V2Amaro-Leal Â1Rocha I3.

This study is the first to show that developmental Pb exposure since fetal period can cause lasting impairments in physiological parameters. The intermittent lead exposure causes adverse health effects, i.e, hypertension, increased respiratory frequency and chemoreflex sensitivity, baroreflex impairment, anxiety, decreased synaptic activity, neuroinflammation and reactive gliosis, in some ways similar to a permanent exposure, however some are lower-grade, due to the shorter duration of exposure.

 


Indian J Clin Biochem.
 2013 Jan;28(1):65-70. doi: 10.1007/s12291-012-0241-8. Epub 2012 Jul 27.

Biochemical effects of lead exposure on battery manufacture workers with reference to blood pressure, calcium metabolism and bone mineral density.

Dongre NN1, Suryakar AN2, Patil AJ3, Hundekari IA1, Devarnavadagi BB1.

 

 

The blood lead levels and urinary lead levels of all workers were significantly increased (P < 0.001) in proportion to the duration of lead exposure as compared to controls. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly raised (P < 0.001) in all three study groups of battery manufacture workers as compared to controls.   The results of this study clearly indicate that the absorption of lead is more in these workers which adversely affects blood pressure, disturbs calcium and phosphorus metabolism which further impairs mineralization of bone resulting in decreased bone mineral density observed in these workers. Lead toxicity is still persistent in battery manufacture workers though they are using sophisticated techniques in these industries. There is a need to protect the workers from the health hazards of occupational lead exposure.


Environ Health Perspect.
 2010 Feb;118(2):259-64. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0900866.

Modification by ALAD of the association between blood lead and blood pressure in the U.S. population: results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Scinicariello F1, Yesupriya A, Chang MH, Fowler BA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Cancer Institute National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III Genomics Working Group.

 

BLL was associated with systolic BP in non-Hispanic whites and with hypertension and systolic and diastolic BP in non-Hispanic blacks. BLL was not associated with BP outcomes in Mexican Americans. Non-Hispanic white ALAD2 carriers in the highest BLL quartile (3.852.9 microg/dL) had a significantly higher adjusted prevalence odds ratio for hypertension compared with ALAD1 homozygous individuals. We also found a significant interaction between lead concentration and the ALAD2 allele in non-Hispanic whites and non-Hispanic blacks in relation to systolic BP.

CONCLUSIONS: 

BLL may be an important risk factor for hypertension and increased systolic and diastolic BP. These associations may be modified by ALAD genotype.


Toxicol Ind Health.
 2008 Oct;24(9):611-8. doi: 10.1177/0748233708098127.

Lead-induced oxidative stress adversely affects health of the occupational workers.

Khan DA1, Qayyum S, Saleem S, Khan FA.

 

 

Lead is a persistent toxic metal and associated with impairment of various body functions in occupational workers. Results revealed that lead-exposed workers had significantly high BLLs, median (range), 29.1 (9.0-61.1) microg/dL compared with controls, 8.3 (1.0-21.7) microg/dL. Oxidative stress (MDA, GGT) and inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity CRP) were significantly increased (P < or = 0.05). Blood pressure was raised, whereas hemoglobin was decreased in exposed group (P < or = 0.002). Serum urea, uric acid, phosphate, and ALT were significantly raised in lead-exposed workers (P < or = 0.001). Serum albumin, total proteins, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were decreased. Blood lead showed a significant positive correlation with serum GGT (r = 0.63), MDA (r = 0.71), CRP (r = 0.75), urea (r = 0.34), creatinine (r = 0.51), and uric acid (r = 0.29) (P < or = 0.01). It is concluded that lead exposure increases oxidative stress that correlates with adverse changes in hematological, renal, and hepatic function in the occupational workers. Elevated blood lead has positive correlation with oxidative stress, inflammatory and biochemical markers that might be used to detect impairment in the body function in lead exposed workers.

 


Diabetes Res Clin Pract.
 2008 May;80(2):280-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.12.021. Epub 2008 Feb 13.

Evaluation of status of toxic metals in biological samples of diabetes mellitus patients.

Afridi HI1, Kazi TG, Kazi N, Jamali MK, Arain MB, Jalbani N, Baig JA, Sarfraz RA.

 

The results of this study showed that the mean values of Pb, Cd and, As were significantly higher in scalp hair samples of smoker and non-smoker diabetic patients as compared to control subjects (p<0.001). The concentration of understudy toxic metals was also high in blood and urine samples of DM patient but difference was more significant in smoker DM patients. These results are consistent with those obtained in other studies, confirming that toxic metals may play a role in the development of diabetes mellitus.

 


Biomed Res Int.
 2013;2013:474963. doi: 10.1155/2013/474963. Epub 2013 Jan 17.

Association between inflammatory marker, environmental lead exposure, and glutathione S-transferase gene.

Sirivarasai J1, Wananukul W, Kaojarern S, Chanprasertyothin S, Thongmung N, Ratanachaiwong W, Sura T, Sritara P.

 

in men with blood lead >6.47 μ g/dL the adjusted odds ratio (OR) of CRP levels for individuals with GSTP1 variants allele, GSTM1 null, GSTT1 null, double-null GSTM1, and GSTT1 compared with wild-type allele was 1.46 (95% CI; 1.05-2.20), 1.32 (95% CI; 1.03-1.69), 1.65 (95% CI; 1.17-2.35), and 1.98 (95% CI; 1.47-2.55), respectively. Our findings suggested that lead exposure is associated with adverse changes in inflammatory marker and SBP. GST polymorphisms are among the genetic determinants related to lead-induced inflammatory response.

 


Environ Res.
 2016 Aug;149:157-163. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.05.015. Epub 2016 May 18.

Low-level exposure to lead, blood pressure, and hypertension in a population-based cohort.

Gambelunghe A1, Sallsten G2, Borné Y3, Forsgard N4, Hedblad B5, Nilsson P6, Fagerberg B7, Engström G8, Barregard L9.

 

Blood lead in the fourth quartile was associated with significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (point estimates: 1-2mmHg) and increased prevalence of hypertension (odds ratio: 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1-1.5) versus the other quartiles after adjustment for sex, age, smoking, alcohol, waist circumference, and education. Associations were also significant with blood lead as a continuous variable.

Conclusion: Low-level lead exposure increases blood pressure and may increase the risk of hypertension.


Toxicology.
 2016 Jan 2;339:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2015.11.004. Epub 2015 Nov 26.

The mechanisms associated with the development of hypertension after exposure to lead, mercury species or their mixtures differs with the metal and the mixture ratio.

Wildemann TM1, Siciliano SD2, Weber LP3.

 

 exposure to lead by itself increased oxidative stress and kidney damage along with blood pressure,

the prominent mechanism of action associated with the development of hypertension seems to be oxidative stress and kidney damage for lead, while increased RAS activation links methylmercury to hypertension


J Appl Toxicol.
 2015 Aug;35(8):918-26. doi: 10.1002/jat.3092. Epub 2014 Dec 18.

Combined exposure to lead, inorganic mercury and methylmercury shows deviation from additivity for cardiovascular toxicity in rats.

Wildemann TM1,2Weber LP1,3Siciliano SD1,2.

combined exposures negatively affected the electrical activity of the heart (synergism). Thus, it appears that estimates of blood total Hg levels need to be paired with estimates of what species of mercury dominate exposure as well as whether lead co-exposure is present to link total blood Hg levels to cardiovascular effects. Based on current human exposure data and our results, there may be an increased risk of cardiac events as a result of combined exposures to Hg(II), MeHg(I) and Pb(II). 


Blood Press.
 2014 Dec;23(6):363-9. doi: 10.3109/08037051.2014.925228. Epub 2014 Jun 19.

Higher urinary heavy metal, arsenic, and phthalate concentrations in people with high blood pressure: US NHANES, 2009-2010.

Shiue I1.

Urinary mercury concentrations were not significantly associated with high BP (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.97-1.48, p = 0.095). ??Urinary cobalt (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.01-1.81, p = 0.044), lead (OR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.31-2.38, p = 0.001), antimony (OR = 1.37, 95% CI 1.09-1.72, p = 0.010) and tungsten (OR = 1.52, 95% CI 1.27-1.81, p < 0.001) concentrations were observed to increase the risk of high BP. There are no clear associations between environmental parabens and high BP. The effect of environmental bisphenol A (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.30, p = 0.051) disappeared after additionally adjusting for subsample weighting (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 0.93-1.35, p = 0.225). People with higher urinary mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.00-1.58, p = 0.051), mono-n-butyl phthalate (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.01-1.41, p = 0.042) and mono-n-methyl phthalate metabolites (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.03-1.32, p = 0.021) tended to have high BP. Moreover, urinary o-phenyl phenol concentrations (OR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.25-1.77, p < 0.001) and dimethylarsonic acid concentrations (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.06-1.73, p = 0.019) were also seen to be associated with high BP.

CONCLUSIONS: 

Urinary environmental chemical concentrations were associated with risk of high BP, although the causal effect cannot be established. Elimination of environmental chemicals in humans would need to be continued.

 


Environ Health Perspect.
 2018 Jul 31;126(7):076002. doi: 10.1289/EHP2863. eCollection 2018 Jul.

Mercury Exposure, Blood Pressure, and Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Dose-response Meta-analysis.

Hu XF1, Singh K1, Chan HM1.

 

A significant positive association between mercury and hypertension and between mercury and BP was identified. The exposure dose is an important factor in determining the toxic effects of mercury on hypertension.


Environ Res.
 2018 Apr;162:287-296. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.026. Epub 2018 Feb 4.

Mercury-induced vascular dysfunction is mediated by angiotensin II AT-1 receptor upregulation.

Rizzetti DA1, da Silva TM1, Escobar AG1, Piagette J1, Peçanha FM1, Vassallo DV2, Alonso MJ3, Salaices M4, Wiggers GA5.

 

these results suggest that AT-1 receptors upregulation might play a key role in the vascular damage induced by Hg exposure by increasing oxidative stress and probably by reducing NO bioavailability.

 


Ann Epidemiol.
 2016 Aug;26(8):546-550.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Jul 14.

Associations of blood heavy metal levels with intraocular pressure.

Park S1Choi NK2.

IOP and three BHMLs were significantly associated with systolic and diastolic BP. But IOP was associated with only blood lead and mercury levels.

 


J Hum Hypertens.
 2015 May;29(5):309-15. doi: 10.1038/jhh.2014.87. Epub 2014 Oct 2.

Assessment of toxic elements in the samples of different cigarettes and their effect on the essential elemental status in the biological samples of Irish hypertensive consumers.

Afridi HI1, Talpur FN1, Kazi TG2, Brabazon D3.

 

The results of this study showed that the mean values of Cd and Hg were significantly higher in scalp hair and blood samples of hypertensive patients as compared with healthy controls, whereas Zn and Se concentrations were found to be lower in hypertensive patients, the difference was significant in the case of smoker patients (P < 0.001). The levels of both Hg & Cd were 2-3-folds higher in scalp hair and blood samples of nonhypertensive smoker subjects as compared with nonsmoker controls. It was observed that exposure of TEs via cigarette smoking may be synergistic with other risk factors associated with HT.

 


Environ Res.
 2011 Aug;111(6):797-803. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.05.005. Epub 2011 May 23.

Relationship between blood manganese and blood pressure in the Korean general population according to KNHANES 2008.

Lee BK1, Kim Y.

 

Blood Mn level was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in a representative sample of the Korean adult population.

 

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Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter.
 2015 Jan-Mar;59(1):60-4.

[Role of activation of lipid peroxidation in the mechanisms of cardiovascular disease system under the action of heavy metals in the experiment].

 

prolonged intake of heavy metals (cobalt, cadmium and mercury) leads to the development of marked hemodynamic disturbances, combined with a sharp increase in the level of lipid peroxidation products in the blood. Melatonin under intoxication by heavy metals significantly reduced hypertensive effect of heavy metals on systemic hemodynamics, which together with a reduction of lipid peroxidation processes allows us to consider the activation of lipid peroxidation one of the major pathogenic factor in the development of hemodynamic disorders in conditions of heavy metal poisoning.


J Nanopart Res.
 2017;19(9):320. doi: 10.1007/s11051-017-4004-6. Epub 2017 Sep 13.

The effect of different workplace nanoparticles on the immune systems of employees.

Kurjane N1, Zvagule T1, Reste J1, Martinsone Z1, Pavlovska I2, Martinsone I1, Vanadzins I1.

 

Nanoparticles affect immune functions, causing different immune responses. Our data showed a statistically significant increased level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in serum in both exposed groups compared with office workers as well as a higher level of TNF-α in workers from the woodworking company compared with the metalworking employees. We found an elevated level of IL-6 in the exposed groups as well as an elevated level of IL-8 in the nasal lavage in woodworking employees after work.